Thanks to advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer survival rates have improved significantly. However, many women continue to experience physical complications following surgery that can substantially affect their quality of life during the months after the operation.
The most common postoperative complications include pain, reduced shoulder mobility, loss of strength, tightness in the armpit or chest, and difficulties performing everyday activities such as brushing their hair, getting dressed, reaching overhead, or sleeping comfortably. More specific complications may also occur, including axillary web syndrome, characterized by the appearance of painful cord-like structures beneath the skin that restrict arm movement, and lymphedema, an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid that causes swelling and a feeling of heaviness in the arm.
To promote a faster and safer recovery, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe has launched an innovative early physiotherapy program for women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Introduced as a clinical care initiative in November 2025, the program combines preoperative education with supervised therapeutic exercise beginning within the first 24 hours after surgery, followed by individualized monitoring over a three-month period.
Since its implementation, the program has helped improve recovery and reduce postoperative complications among nearly 200 women treated so far. Early shoulder mobilization has contributed to preventing persistent functional limitations and has also helped prepare patients for treatments such as radiotherapy, which requires proper arm positioning during each session. In addition, regular follow-up has enabled the early detection of axillary web syndrome and the first signs of lymphedema, allowing timely intervention.
Beyond its physical benefits, early physiotherapy also provides reassurance and support during a period often marked by uncertainty and fear of movement following diagnosis and surgery. Having a healthcare professional monitor recovery, answer questions, and tailor exercise programs to each patient’s needs enhances confidence and promotes greater independence.
This clinical care model is now taking an important step forward through the launch of a research study approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital La Fe. The study will evaluate the safety, feasibility, and functional outcomes of the protocol under real-world clinical practice conditions. A total of 110 women receiving routine clinical care will be enrolled. The multidisciplinary research team will assess indicators related to safety, adherence, and functional recovery, including shoulder mobility, pain, muscle strength, functional capacity, and patient satisfaction.
The aim is to generate scientific evidence supporting the integration of early physiotherapy as a standard component of breast cancer care, helping women regain function and quality of life more quickly. The initiative further reinforces the commitment of Hospital La Fe and the Universitat de València to healthcare innovation and research focused on improving cancer patient care.
Associate Professor at the Universitat de València, with a joint clinical appointment at Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe (Valencia, Spain).