Physical activity—like walking, gardening, or light exercise—is very important for the health of older adults. It helps maintain strength, balance, heart health, and overall well-being. But many older people do not get enough physical activity. Researchers have found that social and interpersonal factors—such as friendships, support, and social networks—play a key role in whether older adults stay active.
A recent systematic review looked at many studies to understand how these social and interpersonal factors relate to physical activity in adults aged 65 and older. The purpose of this review was to find out what kinds of social relationships help support physical activity and which ones may make it harder. The review included 34 studies from different countries. Researchers looked at how things like social support, social networks, social cohesion, and social norms influence how active older adults are. They also looked at factors like loneliness and social isolation.
Key findings
- Many studies showed that when older adults have help and encouragement from others—such as friends, family, or community groups—they are more likely to be physically active. Support can include talking with someone about being active, exercising together, or just feeling cared for.
- Older adults who have a larger circle of friends or regular social interactions tend to be more active. Strong social ties can offer motivation and opportunities to join group activities or exercise programs.
- Social environments where people feel included and connected help older adults stay active. When physical activity is a normal part of social life, older adults may feel more comfortable joining in.
- On the other hand, older adults who feel lonely or isolated often do less physical activity. Lack of social contact can reduce motivation and make it harder to find opportunities for movement.
This review shows that relationships and social connections matter for physical activity in older adults. Supporting older people to build friendships, stay socially engaged, and feel connected to their communities can help them keep moving and improve their health. Programs and policies that encourage social participation—such as group walks, community clubs, or shared exercise classes—may be especially helpful.
Editor of Daily 27.
Predoctoral researcher at the Department of Sociology in University of Barcelona.